The National Memorial to the Few

The National Memorial to the Few at Capel-le-Ferne is located on the famous white cliffs between Dover and Folkestone in Kent. Above it much of the fighting took place in 1940.

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Above is a model of the memorial as it looks today. It has a central building shaped like Spitfire wings with a memory wall next to it, there is large open area with an “aircraft propeller” and in its center is one of “the few”… Memorial_02

The main building contains the Scramble Experience, The Geoffrey Page Centre, the shop, Cockpit cafe and toilets.Memorial_03

The poem, “Our Wall” refers to… Memorial_04

…the adjacent wall that list the names of those who flew in the Battle of Britain. A total of 2941 allied pilots from 15 nations fought in the battle and 534 were killed.Memorial_05

Sir Keith Park commanded the RAF’s No 11 Group Fighter Command – the squadrons that bore the brunt of the Battle of Britain.  Memorial_06

In the center of the memorial is the seated airman looking out to sea. He is surrounded by the badges of the Allied squadrons and other units that took part in the Battle. Memorial_07

We were there on a very special day, the 15 September, known as the “Battle of Britain Day”. That day 1940 Germany planned two attacks on London, aiming at getting the last remains of the British fighters up and to give them the final blow. The German estimation was that the British Air Force was down to its last reserves and that the invasion of Britain could commence within days.Memorial_08

A lot of people visited the memorial this day, waiting for the fly-by and if you look closely (or click on the picture to make it larger) you can see them coming. On the morning of 15 September 1940 the first German attack was with 27 Dornier 17 with more than 200 fighters escorting. (Some 120 Me 109 and 80 Me 110 plus another 22 fighter-bombers.)Memorial_09

Above a Hurricane and a Spitfire. The first fighter squadrons to meet the German attack were the 72 and 92 squadrons (see the map in this post) soon followed by others from the 11 Group.Memorial_10

Above two Spitfires. The continuous attacks by British fighters forced the German fighters to engage in battle and to spend their meager fuel supply and soon the Me 109’s started returning to their home bases. Memorial_11

Above two beautiful silver colored aircraft – a Hurricane and a Spitfire with Czech markings.Memorial_12

Above the silver Hurricane. On this very day (15 September 1940) the large Duxford Wing with 50 fighters from 12 group, in one big formation, had managed to form in time (see the background in this post) and the German bombers met this large formation. Five Do17’s were shot down, four were wounded and the rest fled back to their home bases in France. 
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Above a Mustang in RAF colors. On the afternoon of 15 September there was a second German attack. This included 114 bombers plus 360 fighters! This time the 11 and 10 group made a joint attack engaging the German fighters in a ferocious battle that forced the fighters to return to their home bases before reaching London. At that time 60 fighters from the 10 group joined the battle. The result was 200 British fighters against 110 German bombers escorted by only 20 Me 110 fighters.

On the 15 September Germany lost 57 aircraft over England. It was not the worse day for the Germans (5 August saw 77 German losses) but the belief that the British air defense was on the verge of giving up was instead met by a strong and determined Royal Air Force. The Royal Air Force lost 31 aircraft that day.

The 15 September was a chock for Germany and British bombers followed up by attacking the German invasion fleet in their ports on the following night. On September 17 Hitler decided to postpone the invasion of England. The attacks continued but the battle was won!

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